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“Active” sensors emit energy and measure reaction from the environment
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“passive” sensors simply measure energy.
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Range is the difference between and upper and lower limit of the sensor
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Dynamic range is instead the ratio between the upper and lower limit.
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Resolution is the minimal distance between two values
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accuracy is the difference between the average output and the true value
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precision is the ratio of range and statistical variance in a signal
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proprioception is the perception of internal state
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exteroception is sensing anything outside the robot